外牆外保溫技術特點
發布時間:2014-08-09
建築節能工作發展不平衡。雖然建築節能工作開展至今已經幾十年,全國各地區已要求全麵實施節能50%,而北京等一些地區需要達到60%的節能要求。外牆外保溫體係以其不可替代的技術優勢得到廣泛的應用,其主要的技術優勢在於:
-- 外保溫提高主體結構的耐久性
neibaowenbanfengdekailiezhuyaoyouwaiweihuqiangtibianxingyinfa,ercaiyongwaiqiangwaibaowenshi,neibudezhuanqianghuohunningtuqiangjiangshoudaobaohu。shiwaiqihoubuduanbianhuayinqiqiangtineibujiaodadewendubianhuafashengzaiwaibaowencengnei,shineibudezhutiqiangdongjiwendutigao,shidujiangdi,wendubianhuajiaoweipinghuan,reyinglijianshao,yinerzhutiqiangchanshengliefeng、變形、破損的危險大為減輕,壽命得以大大延長。其他由於大氣破壞力如:雨、雪、凍、融、幹、濕(shi)等(deng)對(dui)主(zhu)體(ti)牆(qiang)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)也(ye)會(hui)大(da)大(da)減(jian)輕(qing)。事(shi)實(shi)證(zheng)明(ming),隻(zhi)要(yao)牆(qiang)體(ti)和(he)屋(wu)麵(mian)保(bao)溫(wen)材(cai)料(liao)選(xuan)擇(ze)適(shi)當(dang),厚(hou)度(du)合(he)理(li),施(shi)工(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)好(hao),外(wai)保(bao)溫(wen)可(ke)有(you)效(xiao)防(fang)止(zhi)和(he)減(jian)少(shao)牆(qiang)體(ti)和(he)屋(wu)麵(mian)的(de)溫(wen)度(du)變(bian)形(xing),從(cong)而(er)有(you)效(xiao)地(di)提(ti)高(gao)了(le)主(zhu)體(ti)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)耐(nai)久(jiu)性(xing)。
-- 外保溫改善人居環境的舒適度
zaijinxingwaibaowenhou,youyuneibudeshitiqiangrerongliangda,shineinengxucungengduodereliang,shizhurutaiyangfushehuojianxiecainuanzaochengdeshineiwendubianhuajianhuan,shiwenjiaoweiwending,shenghuojiaoweishushi;也使太陽輻射得熱、人體散熱、家用電器及炊事散熱等因素產生的“自由熱”得de到dao較jiao好hao的de利li用yong,有you利li於yu節jie能neng。而er在zai夏xia季ji,外wai保bao溫wen層ceng能neng減jian少shao太tai陽yang輻fu射she熱re的de進jin入ru和he室shi外wai高gao氣qi溫wen的de綜zong合he影ying響xiang,使shi外wai牆qiang內nei表biao麵mian溫wen度du和he室shi內nei空kong氣qi溫wen度du得de以yi降jiang低di。可ke見jian,外wai牆qiang外wai保bao溫wen有you利li於yu使shi建jian築zhu冬dong暖nuan夏xia涼liang。
室(shi)內(nei)居(ju)民(min)實(shi)際(ji)感(gan)受(shou)到(dao)的(de)溫(wen)度(du),既(ji)有(you)室(shi)內(nei)溫(wen)度(du)又(you)有(you)圍(wei)護(hu)結(jie)構(gou)內(nei)表(biao)麵(mian)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。這(zhe)就(jiu)證(zheng)明(ming),通(tong)過(guo)外(wai)保(bao)溫(wen)提(ti)高(gao)外(wai)牆(qiang)內(nei)表(biao)麵(mian)溫(wen)度(du)即(ji)使(shi)室(shi)內(nei)的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)溫(wen)度(du)有(you)所(suo)降(jiang)低(di),也(ye)能(neng)得(de)到(dao)舒(shu)適(shi)的(de)熱(re)環(huan)境(jing),由(you)此(ci)可(ke)見(jian),在(zai)加(jia)強(qiang)外(wai)保(bao)溫(wen),保(bao)持(chi)室(shi)內(nei)熱(re)環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia),適(shi)當(dang)降(jiang)低(di)室(shi)溫(wen),可(ke)以(yi)減(jian)少(shao)采(cai)暖(nuan)負(fu)荷(he),節(jie)約(yue)能(neng)源(yuan)。
-- 外保溫可以避免牆體產生熱橋
外(wai)牆(qiang)既(ji)要(yao)承(cheng)重(zhong)又(you)要(yao)起(qi)保(bao)溫(wen)作(zuo)用(yong),外(wai)牆(qiang)厚(hou)度(du)必(bi)然(ran)較(jiao)厚(hou)。采(cai)用(yong)高(gao)效(xiao)保(bao)溫(wen)材(cai)料(liao)後(hou),牆(qiang)厚(hou)得(de)以(yi)減(jian)薄(bo)。但(dan)如(ru)果(guo)采(cai)用(yong)內(nei)保(bao)溫(wen),主(zhu)牆(qiang)體(ti)越(yue)薄(bo),保(bao)溫(wen)層(ceng)越(yue)厚(hou),熱(re)橋(qiao)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)就(jiu)越(yue)趨(qu)於(yu)嚴(yan)重(zhong)。在(zai)寒(han)冷(leng)的(de)冬(dong)天(tian),熱(re)橋(qiao)不(bu)僅(jin)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)額(e)外(wai)的(de)熱(re)損(sun)失(shi),還(hai)可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)外(wai)牆(qiang)內(nei)表(biao)麵(mian)潮(chao)濕(shi)、jielu,shenzhifameihetangshui,erwaibaowenzekeyibucunzaizhezhongwenti。youyuwaibaowenbimianlereqiao,zaicaiyongtongyanghoududebaowencailiaotiaojianxia,waibaowenyaobineibaowenderesunshijianshaoyue1/5,從而節約了熱能。
-- 外保溫優於內保溫的其他功能
(1) 采用內保溫的牆麵上難以吊掛物件,甚至安設窗簾盒、散熱器都相當困難。在舊房改造時,從內側保溫存在使住戶增加搬動家具、施工擾民、甚(shen)至(zhi)臨(lin)時(shi)搬(ban)遷(qian)等(deng)諸(zhu)多(duo)麻(ma)煩(fan),產(chan)生(sheng)不(bu)必(bi)要(yao)的(de)糾(jiu)紛(fen),還(hai)會(hui)因(yin)此(ci)減(jian)少(shao)使(shi)用(yong)麵(mian)積(ji),外(wai)保(bao)溫(wen)則(ze)可(ke)以(yi)避(bi)免(mian)這(zhe)些(xie)問(wen)題(ti)發(fa)生(sheng),外(wai)保(bao)溫(wen)比(bi)內(nei)保(bao)溫(wen)增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)室(shi)內(nei)使(shi)用(yong)麵(mian)積(ji)近(jin) 2%。當外牆必須進行裝修或
抗震加固時,加做外保溫是最經濟、最有利的方法。
(2) woguomuqianxuduozhuhuzaizhujinxinfangshi,daduoxianjinxingzhuangxiu。zaizhuangxiushi,fangwuneibaowencengwangwangzaodaopohuai。caiyongwaibaowenzebucunzaizhegewenti。waibaowenyouliyujiakuaishigongjindu。ruguocaiyongneibaowen,fangwuneibuzhuangxiu、安裝暖氣等作業,必須等待內保溫做好後才能進行。但采用外保溫,則可以與室內工程平行作業。
(3) 外保溫可以使建築更為美觀,隻要做好建築立麵設計,建築外貌會十分出色。特別在舊房改造時,外保溫能使房屋麵貌大為改觀。
(4) 外保溫適用範圍十分廣泛。既適用於采暖建築,又適用於空調建築;既適用於民用建築,又適用於工業建築;既可用於新建建築,又可用於既有建築;既能在低層、多層建築中應用,又能在中高層和高層建築中應用;既適用於寒冷和嚴寒地區,又適用於夏熱冬冷地區和夏熱冬暖地區。
(5) waibaowendezonghejingjixiaoyihengao。suiranwaibaowengongchengmeipingfangmizaojiabineibaowenxiangduiyaogaoyixie,danzhiyaojishuxuanzeshidang,danweimianjizaojiagaodebingbuduo。tebieshiyouyuwaibaowenbineibaowenzengjialeshiyongmianjijin2%,實際上是使單位使用麵積造價得到降低。加上有節約能源、改善熱環境等一係列好處,綜合效益是十分顯著的。